Internet & Society Essay Example for Free

Web Society Essay The world is changing and numerous new advancements are being grown ceaselessly. Our every day life is influenced by these changes. The progressions will turn out to be quicker in future. Web is one most significant consequence of evolving advancements. It has become a piece of our every day life. Each new innovation has its own belongings. Some of them are sure and some might be negative. We should dodge the negative impacts. Innovation ought to be utilized in a positive way, else it will pulverize us. Web is an astounding production of the innovation. The entire world is influenced by it and all individuals are legitimately or by implication related with it. Web is very useful for various people. Understudies take help of web for their schoolwork. Speculators use web for the data about stocks. Game fans watch score and measurements. Web has replaced TV. Today web is same as the TV in 1940-50s. Web is more valuable and profitable than TV. In any case, it isn't feasible for each individual to utilize the web. Web additionally made an impact on the print media and it is step by step supplanting the print media on the grounds that a magazine or paper can be distributed easily on the web. There is no need of ink and paper on the web and less laborers are required. That’s why print media is exploiting web. Web is the fundamental explanation for the upset in the public arena. Due to the web, correspondence between the various nations, social orders, networks got conceivable. Before the web innovation there was no other correspondence framework being so huge to communicate the thoughts and the emotions. Through web information, voice, and video correspondence is conceivable. Generally individuals abstain from addressing obscure individual. Web has demonstrated extremely valuable for such sort of individuals, since they talk with individuals without indicating their age, looks and class. Individuals find numerous companions through the web. Numerous open destinations give this office. Individuals can increase numerous companions through these locales. Numerous youngsters are gaining cash with the assistance of web by web planning, game development, filling in as an independent author. It implies web gives numerous chances to the individuals. Web has contracted the world. Today every nation is associated with another nation with the assistance of web. Individuals of one nation or society are getting comfortable with the way of life of another nation or society. With the assistance of web the individuals who have information got their situation in the general public. At present web based shopping has gotten mainstream. Individuals are purchasing items from their home with the assistance of the web. Individuals purchase items easily from the web as contrast with showcase since organizations can set aside cash of shops and laborers in web based shopping. Joined state based organization Amazon. com is the best case of web based shopping organization. Individuals can discover every single thing at lower cost on this site. As of late a few organizations have permitted their representatives to work at home with the assistance of web since working environment has gotten unpleasant and the contamination likewise expanded in some last years. This is profitable on the grounds that an individual can set aside cash and time by telecommuting. The Internet gives the right to speak freely of discourse. The individuals who don’t have mental fortitude can pass on their thoughts with the assistance of web with no dread. With the assistance of web currently individuals are comprehensively associated. An individual can speak with the individual of other piece of the word whenever through web. Presently individuals are associated socially and expertly by the utilization of web. Web is entirely appropriate and reasonable vehicle of correspondence. Today we can put in a request just by click a catch. Presently we can book lodgings, flights and train tickets on the web. Web made the correspondence simple. Presently we can speak with the assistance of email, video conferencing, texting, and Voice over Internet Proxy (VoIP). Individuals can without much of a stretch get data with the assistance of web in light of the fact that there is an extremely tremendous database on the web related with each item. Individuals are securing positions with the assistance of web. We can submit numerous structures on the web, which spares time. On web we can conclude what news or data we need to peruse. Web is additionally assuming a significant job in the field of amusement. We can play numerous games and fathom puzzles. Tunes can be listened on the web and we can watch recordings on web. There are some terrible impacts additionally, in view of the web on the general public. Erotic entertainment is a terrible impact of the web. Sexual material is effectively accessible on web and society is tolerating this material decisively. Due to this enthusiasm of the individuals in sex is expanding step by step. Subsequently, sex-related wrongdoings are expanding consistently. Due to the web a great deal of occupations have been lost, in light of the fact that few individuals are required to run a website. Due to the web based shopping individuals don't leave their home. This is an explanation for the numerous sicknesses, for example, corpulence. Web based shopping isn't useful for the neighborhood economy in light of the fact that the majority of these internet shopping destinations are universal. Web isn't generally dependable, in light of the fact that there is a danger of breaking the security. There is everything is as paired data. On web we are subject to others for our protection. We can not definitely ensure our data. With the assistance of information mining our data can be robbery. Copyright issue has become an extraordinary issue now days. Character of an individual can be robbery with the assistance of web. There are numerous other awful impacts of the web, for example, meeting with the individuals whom you met web based, giving individual data to a total more abnormal, giving incorrectly data. An individual can be effectively cheated by the web. Numerous fear based oppressors are utilizing web innovation for correspondence by utilizing an off-base location. Kid erotic entertainment, Mastercard fakes, secret activities, web based following, kidnappings are some other terrible impacts of the web on the general public. Presently it very well may be said that it relies upon us how web influences society. Web can be demonstrated extremely helpful on the off chance that we use it a positive way. Numerous laws are made for forestalling web violations, yet these wrongdoings are still there. There is a need of implementation of these laws. Web can be exceptionally valuable for the general public. It is the best mode of correspondence and it very well may be said a decent stage for communicating your thoughts. There are a great deal of changes in the general public in view of the web. Web improved the status of the living. Today data and instruction about the protected utilization of PC has gotten significant. There are numerous inconveniences of the web, yet I think it has truly improved our lives.There is a need of instruction and authorization of the laws. References Cole J. I. The Impact of the Internet on Our Social,Political and Economic Life. The UCCLA Center for correspondence Policy. 2000. Cuizon, G. Web Crime: How Does It Affect Our Society?. April 15, 2008. Recovered February 24, 2009 from http://www. socyberty. com/Crime/Internet-Crime-How-Does-It-Affect-Our-Society. 109754 Nie, N. Investigation of social Consequences of the Internet. Stanford Institute of the Quantitative Study of Society (SIQSS). 2000. Upsides and downsides of the Internet in todays society. Recovered February 24, 2009 from http://www. helium. com/things/779510-upsides and downsides of-the-web in-todays-society Purdy, R. The Internet-Boon or Detriment to Society? Recovered February 24, 2009 from http://iml. jou. ufl. edu/ventures/STUDENTS/Purdy/INDEX. HTM Rajani, M. K. Chandio, M. S. Utilization of Internet and its consequences for our Society. Recovered February 24, 2009 from http://www. szabist. edu. pk/ncet2004/Docs/Session%20VIII%20Paper%20No%202%20(P%20157-161). pdf The Internets Effect on Society. November 19, 2001. Recovered February 24, 2009 from http://www. bbc. co. uk/dna/h2g2/A650684

E-trading Case Essay Example for Free

E-exchanging Case Essay Presentation Maybe no place else is the effect of the Internet felt as much as in the administration division. The Internet has opened new channels for administration conveyance, abbreviated turnaround limes and offered remarkable accommodation to shoppers. The money related administrations have utilized the Internet and abused its numerous advantages. E-exchanging is the budgetary help generally amiable to E-enablement. It has just seen a fleeting development in the United States and is organizing a comparable show in other economies.â E-exchanging offers gigantic advantages to the financial specialists and will most likely extend the market itself. This paper examines issues of E-exchanging, its development and key qualities. At that point it looks at extent of E-exchanging, noteworthy players and gatherings associated with. After that conversation about advantages of E-exchanging, either for clients or for intermediaries, innovation and security issues identified with this industry. Lastly some understanding in eventual fate of E-exchanging is introduced. Development of the Industry The first ever ECN, Instinet, established in 1969, was a methods for businesses lo show offer and approach costs for stock in North America and abroad. It was first utilized by establishments to execute with one another, yet today ii additionally incorporates a select gathering of littler businesses. In any case, e-financier, or offering Internet exchanges to customers, was spearheaded in the by E*Trade protections (FreeTrade), one of the firs of every electronic business, which originally began activities and offered web based contributing administrations through America Online and CompuServe and propelled its own site, www.etrade.com, in 1996. The primary E-exchange was led on E*trade on July 11, 1983 and since that time has changed the manner in which the world contributes. Charles Schwab, presently the biggest in the US with 7 million on-line accounts and $1 trillion under administration by means of the Internet, likewise propelled its web based exchanging adventure 1996. In January 2005, Charles Schwab customers executed a normal of 300,000 electronic exchanges each working day. (www.aboutschwab.com) There are presently in excess of 130 millions on-line business firms in the US (Exhibit 1) offering E-exchanging administrations to buyers, who can be truly found anyplace on Earth. Today, about portion of exchanges made by US retail financial specialists are done through the Internet. Truth be told, there is a scope of sites on which one can exchange stocks online as well as purchase and sell prospects and choices. As indicated by International Data Corp the quantity of US families utilizing on the web business to meet their money related necessities has developed from the 2000 figure of more than 7 million to 19 million of every 2004, with over $2.5 trillion of benefits oversaw on the web. (Tower Group Research) Online business in the US became out of the rebate financier industry and has on a very basic level changed the retail financier industry. Internet exchanging created as a minimal effort self-administration way to deal with value contributing. Instead of paying high commissions that are commonplace of full assistance business firms, financial specialists could put exchanges straightforwardly at a small amount of the typical commission costs. Also, web based exchanging was more proficient and less expensive than phone exchanging a typical channel utilized by markdown firms. Subsequently, online specialists started contending on cost. (Colkin Cuneo) Display 1 Online commission costs that began at somewhere in the range of US$25 and $30 per exchange have been cut fundamentally throughout the years. Right now, normal online commission cost per exchange drifts around $12-15, and some profound markdown firms offer exchanges as low as $5. A couple firmsâ€American Express, Free Trade, Com1 (an auxiliary of AmeriTrade), and most as of late, thefinanciatcafe.comâ€have even presented free internet exchanging. (thefinancialcafe.com) The online commission valuing fight exhibits the commoditization of online exchanges. At first, cost may have been a separating factor, yet as of now, cost alone isn't adequate for drawing in and holding singular financial specialists (barring the day-exchanging section). Online financier firms must try to offer more prominent types of assistance and backing to customers. The quantity of US online money market funds keeps on developing reliably. After an underlying time of amazing development, the quantity of online money market funds is still consistently expanding. (Tower Group Research) E-exchanging Scope The term E-exchanging represents exchanging value or obligation instruments on the trade through an Electronic Communication Network (ECN). Albeit web based exchanging carefully alludes just to the electronic execution of exchange, an environment of E-exchanging has three measurements: Electronic execution of the exchange Installment for the exchange through an installment portal Move of offers in electronic structure. There have been three particular periods of advancement of E-exchanging. These are: Stage 1: The open-clamor framework with the exchanges occurring physically in the ring Stage 2: The electronic framework, empowering dealers to put orders on the web Stage 3: The E-exchanging framework, engaging clients to execute on the web. The mechanics of the E-exchanging framework start with the client signing onto the ECN through the Internet. The client at that point gets to his E-exchanging account with the assistance of a secret word. The client is currently associated legitimately with the trade and any exchanges would be immediate and unalterable. The client additionally approaches continuous value developments of different scrips and other relevant data to help him in his choice. A coordinated E-exchanging framework comprises of an exchange empowering agent as well as an installment door for reserves move and a d-tangle represent move of stocks. Such an assistance empowers smooth, advantageous and straightforward activities. E-exchanging model depends on the suggestion that a help which doesn't require advanced abilities, is normalized, has a wide geographic spread of customers and a high number (measurement) of customers who utilize the administration as often as possible (scope) and whose automatable procedures represent a high extent of costs (reserve funds), offers the best potential for E-enablement. Utilizing this structure, it turns out to be clear which monetary administrations are managable to E-enablement (Colkin Cuneo): Corporate banking: The corporate financial industry includes understanding customer needs, examination of the venture proposition, assessment of different other options lastly suggestion of an appropriate other option. The errand includes significant level abilities, isn't profoundly normalized and not managable to robotization. The quantity of customers per element, for example the corporate clients, of a bank is constrained, however the geographic spread might be assorted. The recurrence of exchanges is likewise constrained. Along these lines, corporate banking doesn't appear to be agreeable to E-enablement. Speculation banking: For the reasons refered to above, venture banking, as corporate banking, doesn't seem an appropriate subject for E-enablement. Retail banking: The retail banking industry including charge cards, the board of investment accounts and so on is described by countless customers spread geologically using a basic, repeatable and normalized administration. For overhauling the client specific aptitudes are not required and automatable procedures include a huge extent of the general expenses of administration. Utilizing the structure, it gives the idea that retail banking would be exceptionally agreeable to E-enablement. Stock exchanging: A stockbroker gathers orders from different clients and executes the equivalent through an exchanging terminal. Clients regularly place arranges through the phone and a delegate of the merchant executes the request for the benefit of the customer on the exchanging terminal. The range of abilities utilized by the agent isn't exceptionally particular as the activity being considered is just the execution of the request and not customer warning. While different procedures, for example, chance observing, presentation checking and customer checking are additionally included, they are ordinarily mechanized for viability. In this way, the intermediary demonstrations simply as a manual interface between the customer and the trade. The errand performed by the dealer is straightforward, normalized and effectively repeatable. Given that the recurrence of exchanges by the clients is at any rate moderate if not high, there is a critical extension for decrease in by and large expenses through robotization. The geographic range of the customers is additionally far reaching. Every one of these qualities make exchanging exceptionally managable to E-enablement. (Berber) Noteworthy Players and Groups Involved Onlinð µ invð µsting bð µgan in thð µ US and is a major businð µss thð µrð µ. In thð µ first quartð µr of 2004, thð µrð µ wð µrð µ approximatð µly 25 million onlinð µ invð µstors with ovð µr US $ 4 trillion in assð µts. In yð µar 2002, 14 million onlinð µ invð µstors with an assð µt basð µ of US $ 700 Billion were activð µ. Thð µ markð µt lð µadð µrs arð µ a mixturð µ of full sð µrvicð µ firms (DLJ Dirð µct, Morgan Stanlð µy Dð µan Wittð µr, Discovð µr), wð µll-Ð µstablishð µd markdown brokð µrs (Fidð µlity and Charlð µs Schwab) and nð µw on-linð µ spð µcialist firms (Е*TradÐ µ). Markð µt Sharð µs, in tð µrms of onlinð µ exchanging volumð µs, arð µ with the end goal that only 9 on-linð µ brokð µrs havð µ 86 pð µr cð µnt of thð µ markð µt sharð µ. Individual Invð µstors havð µ to opð µn a record with a firm bð µforð µ commð µncing exchanging and thð µ least record opð µning balancð µ rangð µs from US $ 500 (wit h Jack Whitð µ and Company) to US $ 10,000 (with Wall Strð µÃ° µt Accð µss, Intð µrnð µt Trading Com and J B Oxford). (Tower Group) Anothð µr significant fð µaturð µ that draws in on-linð µ invð µstors is thð µ frð µÃ° µ rð µsð µarch providð µd by thð µ on-linð µ firms. Prð µviously this was availablð µ just to largð µ institutional invð µstors. Notwithstanding fundamð µntal data about stocks, securities and common assets sophisticatð µd devices likð µ tð µchnical investigation rð µports an

Research Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research Design - Essay Example The issues with planning research issues, strategies and studies can be placed into a couple of classes: Choice of test structure, for example, the utilization of subjective or quantitative information, the nature of the speculation at question, good and moral concerns, countering for inclination and exploratory blunder, and planning models that permit factors, for example, causation to be certainly examined. Creswell contends that factors ought to be characterized in three classes: Independent, ward and control (2009, 151). Free factors are those that the specialist can control, subordinate factors are ones that the analyst hopes to be changed, â€Å"dependent† on the autonomous variable. It's imperative to take note of that, when research analyzes relationships about information, the decision of the free and ward variable can get self-assertive: A causal model must be built up by something other than proclaiming which is autonomous and which is needy. In the event that I am stating that stature and weight are connected, I can have tallness be the free factor that prompts changes in the needy variable of weight or I can do it the other way around: The outcomes and the relationships will be indistinguishable. Where the autonomous and ward variable issues are for tests or for circumstances where causality can be contended because of a perplexing model. On account of an examination, the autonomous variable is what is being managed and the reliant variable what is being watched. For this situation, it is difficult to trade them: Offering individuals medicine and checking whether it fixes their headaches with a fake treatment study is somewhat not the same as offering individuals headaches and checking whether it creates a fix. Control factors are, in any perplexing model, by a wide margin the most significant. This is on the grounds that the best way to control for falseness is to control for all conceivable bewildering factors. There is without a doubt a r elationship between's the measure of vagrants and the measure of specialists in a city, however neither reason the other: The city's size controls for both. Exploratory plans control by ensuring bunches are indistinguishable, while information investigation controls by ensuring that information focuses are thought about that are indistinguishable inside and out beside the distinction being broke down. A straightforward report that makes a relationship among's training and possible pay needs to control for, among different variables, race, financial status of guardians, abundance of informal communities, saw nature of school, genuine nature of school, sex, sexual direction and many different elements to be unmistakably important. The structure of the examination should likewise be resolved to be quantitative, subjective or blended. Creswell (2009) characterizes subjective systems as â€Å"rely[ing] on content and picture data† and contends that subjective methods are ones that can't be effectively identified. Note that asking somebody, â€Å"How does this make you feel?† and recording their reaction is subjective while asking â€Å"How does this cause you to feel, from 1 to 9, one being most exceedingly terrible and nine being best†, is quantitative despite the fact that both are getting some information about a similar wonder,

Export Potential Of Thai Canned Tuna To Japan - Free Essay Example

Chapter I: Introduction Canned sea foods industry is a value-added industry for both domestic and imported raw products before export to foreign countries. It has been one of Thaià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s exported agricultural industries which grown in value continuously. Canned tuna industry is the most important canned sea foods in Thailand. It has a value of 84 percent of the total canned sea foods export value in 2008. Thailand has been the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s largest exporter of canned tuna for the last ten years, represents about 40 percent of worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s canned tuna export amount (EXIM Bank, 2009). Japan has been one of the major markets of Thai canned tuna export for very long period of times. Japanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rate of import has been increasing almost every year. It imported 1.6 million cartons in 1991 and increased to about 2.6 million cartons in 1995 which Thailand was the number one exporter. Thailand held the market shares of 53.4 percent in 1991, increased to the highest of 71.8 percent in1994, and decreased to 53.43 percent in 1995 (Boonmasu, 1998). More recently, Thailand still held most of the Japan canned tuna market shares (50.9 percent) in 2008, fallowed by Indonesia (23.2 percent) and Philippines (16.7 percent) (Global Trade, 2008). However, nowadays Thailand is facing the problems of quantity and price uncertainty including import tax in exportation of canned tuna to Japan. In the last quarter of 2008 (October December) the export of canned tuna from Thailand experienced a negative trend as a result of the economic crisis. Except for the USA, exports to other major markets showed sharp decline during this period including Japan which decreases about 7.8 percent (Josupeit, 2009). Even though Thailand is the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s largest canned tuna exporter, amount of tuna in Thai water area alone is not enough for the canned tuna industry so Thailand has to import raw material (tuna) from other countries for up to 70 percent of the total tuna input, this results as the high cost of production because about 73 percent of canned tuna production cost come from chilled or frozen tuna (Jintatam, 1997) Indonesia and Philippines are the major competitors that have some advantages over Thailand. These two countries have abundance of tuna resource and low labor cost which give them the advantage of lower cost of production. However, their production forces are still far off Thaià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s total canned tuna production. International trade agreements like the Japan-Thailand Economic Partnership Agreement (JTEPA) and the ASEAN-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (AJCEP) are the major factors affecting import tax of canned tuna in Japan that needed to be studied. Japan has decreased import tax for Thai canned tuna from 4.3 percent to 3.2 percent in 2009 and will decrease to 0 percent in 2012 under JTEPA. However, Thailand still has to import raw material (tuna) from other countries and JTEPA only affects tuna that been caught from Thaià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s boat or IOTC (Indian Ocean Tuna Commission) members, so Thailand cannot get full advantage from the agreement. It is expected that AJCEP agreement will increase advantage of Thai canned tuna export to Japan after its enforcement in 2009. From the above reasons, it is important to study Japanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s canned tuna market nature, market share, comparative advantage of Thailand, and related trade agreements to make a decision of expansion the export of Thaià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s canned tuna market to Japan in the future. Objectives To study market nature, change of growth rate and market shares, and competitiveness of Thai canned tuna in Japan. To study effects of international trade agreements; JTEPA and AJCEP to Thai canned tuna export to Japan. To analyze relationships between frozen tuna prices and amount of Thai canned tuna export to Japan. Contribution/Benefits This study provides knowledge of canned tuna market in Japan including growth rate and changes of market share to know potential and competitiveness of Thai exports. And also provides knowledge of factors effecting export value change to find errors which could be used by exporters and other researchers for further study. Methodology and Variables The study gathers related secondary data from previous researches, journals and thesis, including statistics from both the government and public sectors e.g. EXIM bank, Department of Export Promotion, Department of Business Economics, Department of Fisheries, and Food and Agriculture Organization (FOA). Descriptive Analysis will be used to describe nature of canned tuna market export from Thailand to Japan, effects of JTEPA and AJCEP on canned tuna export, growth rate and market shares of Thai canned tuna export to Japan, and SWOT analysis, to see competitiveness between Thailand and its major competitors; Indonesia and Philippines, by using statistic data in the form of chart, percentage, and table to support the description. Grangerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Causality Test is used to examine relationship of frozen tuna price and amount of Thai canned tuna exports to Japan. If past X contains useful information (in addition to the information in past Y) to predict future Y, so X à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“granger causesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Y. Z fails to Granger-causes Y if: MSE[E(xt|It-1)] = MSE[E(xt|Jt-1)] Here It-1 contains past information on Y and Z while Jt-1 contains past information on Y only. Regression: xt=c+ÃŽÂ ±xt-1+ÃŽÂ ²yt-1+ut Test H0: ÃŽÂ ²=0 Chapter II: Literature Review Several published literatures had examined export potential of Thai canned tuna to foreign markets such as the study of Charoenkhwan (2003) which studied on the general condition of canned tuna marketing in U.S.A., market share of Thai canned tuna in U.S.A. and factors that impact on demand for input of U.S.A. to Thai canned tuna. The result of studying general condition indicated that Thailand was the first ranking of the world in canned tuna industry. They also analyzed on changing of export value of canned tuna by using Constant Market Share model (CMS) indicated that Albacore, Yellow fin and the other tuna of Thailand had exportà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s average growth more than U.S.A. trade effect. For an analysis on factors that impact on demand for input of U.S.A. to Thai canned tuna was dependent on import price in Thai canned tuna adjusting by consumer price index of U.S.A. Boonmasu (1998) aimed to study the nature, together with the problem and the obstacles of the production and export, including the study of market competitive advantage of Thai canned tuna product by comparing among the majors competitors within this region; Philippines and Indonesia. Her study emphasized on important export markets; the USA, EU, Japan and the world markets. Quantitative analysis, descriptive analysis and revealed comparative advantage (RCA) are the major tools she used to analyze the gathered secondary data during 1991-1995. The outcome of the study shows that Thailand has to import the frozen tuna around 70 percent of the volume needed for production. The analysis of the main export markets of Thailand has found that the product is more competitive comparing to the other competitors. However, such competitive ability and advantage seem to be lessened consistently. Study of Kijboonchoo and Kalayanakupt (2003) attempted to measure the comparative advantage and competitive strength of Thailand in exporting canned tuna to the world market between 1982 and 1998. They also used revealed comparative advantage (RCA) as the major tool. Their study shows that Thailand was the largest exporter of canned tuna in the world market between 1982 and 1998. Thailandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s comparative advantage has been decreasing in all the studied periods. Also market shares in terms of export volume and value have fallen significantly in the studied periods. Kaewchuey (2007) studied production and marketing of palm fruit and crude palm oil in Thailand, and analyzed palm oil price relationship between different market levels. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and the Ganger Causality Test were employed to examine the horizontal and vertical price relationships of palm oil. The results showed that all price series used in this study were integrated of order I. Therefore, the Cointegration Test was applied to test for long term price relationships between the markets. The results indicated that there were long term relationships between international prices of crude palm oil and wholesale prices, and between wholesale prices and palm fruit prices in local markets. The result from the Grangerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Causality Tests revealed that vertical price relationships existed. International prices of crude palm oil Granger-caused wholesale prices, which, in turn, Granger-caused palm fruit prices in local markets. The results implied that the price of palm oil at a higher market level could influence the price at a lower market level. Chapter III: Japan Canned Tuna Market Market Characteristics Growth Rate and Market Shares Table 3.1: Market shares of canned tuna in major market countries in the year 2008 (Unit: percents) USA Australia Japan Thailand 46.4 96.2 50.9 Indonesia 6.2 1 23.2 Philippines 12.5 0.7 16.7 Others 34.9 2.1 9.2 Total 100 100 100 Source: Global Trade, 2008 Table 3.2: Thailandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s frozen tuna imports 2007-2008 (separated by species) (Unit: Q in 1,000 tons, V in billion Baht) Species 2007 Q 2007 V 2008 Q 2008 V % change Q % change V Skipjack 403.1 16,169.7 498.9 28,202.9 23.8 74.4 Yellow Fin 84 4,477.4 82.2 5,356.5 -2.1 19.6 Albacore 32.2 2,019.4 24.2 1,928.4 -24.8 -4.5 Big Eye 2.8 113.2 4.2 221.1 50 -95.3 Others 0.8 18.9 0.1 7.2 16.6 -61.9 Total 522.9 22,789.6 609.6 35,716.1 Source: INFOFISH Chapter IV: International Trade Agreements JTEPA AJCEP Chapter V: SWOT Analysis Strength Weakness Opportunity Threats Chapter VI: Grangerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Causality Test If past X contains useful information (in addition to the information in past Y) to predict future Y, we say X à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“granger causesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Y. Note that Grangerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s causality test may or may not indicate causal effect of x on y (could you think of some examples?) Z fails to Granger-causes y if: MSE[E(xt|It-1)] = MSE[E(xt|Jt-1)] Here It-1 contains past information on Y and Z while Jt-1 contains past information on Y only. Regression: xt=c+ÃŽÂ ±xt-1+ÃŽÂ ²yt-1+ut Test H0: ÃŽÂ ²=0 Chapter VII: Conclusion and Discussion Kijboonchoo and Kalayanakupt (2003) had made suggestions of six possible ways to solve the Thaià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s canned tuna problems and obstacles that should be done by both government and private sector; the problem of the lack of domestic raw materials should be eliminated or reduced, production plants and procedure should be upgraded, Thai producers and exporters should build up their own brands and trademarks, Producers and exporters should adjust their plants, products and production procedures to meet the importing countriesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ standards and regulations, the related government unit should provide more information to the Thai producers and exporters, and they should have the web site in order to provide their information to customers.

The Economic And Philosophic Manuscripts Of 1844 - 1592 Words

The Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 was not published in Karl Marx’s lifetime. It is a series of fragmentary notes. Part of these notes is a piece called â€Å"Estranged Labor†. In this piece Marx rarely disputes the alienation of the bourgeoisie and focuses on the alienation of the proletariat relating to the hard work in factories in a capitalist society. I believe Marx is correct on his point of workers during his time and even so, it’s still relatable to today; there is alienation of the worker and of the owner till this day. I see his ideas and find it is relatable to my job currently and he has developed evidence to prove it to be true. Karl Marx uses two German terms known as â€Å"Entà ¤ussern† and â€Å"Entfremden† [Grimwade, R. (2014, September). Lecture presented through PowerPoint. St. John’s University, Queens, NY.] . The latter meaning estrangement, while Entaussem meaning alienation. Both have a similar meaning and can be taken as synonyms but Karl Marx uses them differently to emphasis his points. The definition of alienation, â€Å"a withdrawing or separation of a person or a person s affections from an object or position of former attachment† (Alienation. Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 02 Dec. 2014.), similar Marx states a definition of his own; â€Å"Labor s realization is its objectification. In the conditions dealt with by political economy this realization of labor appears as loss of reality for the workers;Show MoreRelatedThe Economic And Philosophic Manuscripts Of 1844 Essay2437 Words   |  10 PagesIn the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, Ka rl Marx identifies a dichotomy that is created and bolstered by the capitalist mode of production. In this mode of production, the dichotomy presents itself in a division of labor that forms of two kinds of people: capitalists, the owners of the means of production, and laborers, those who work under the domain of the capitalist. Marx harshly criticizes this mode of production, arguing that it exploits the laborer and estranges him from himselfRead MoreMarx first discussed his alienation theory in the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844[1],700 Words   |  3 PagesMarx first discussed his alienation theory in the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844[1], mainly talking about the types of human relations that are not controlled by their participants and the consequent results. This theory represents his research findings of bourgeois economics theory, which is central to all of Marx’s earlier philosophical writings and as a social phenomenon still informs his later work. Alienation means separation of people from things that naturally belong to themRead MoreAccording to Marx, How Does Capitalism Alienate Workers? How Did Marx Feel That Workers Could Overcome Their Alienation?1904 Words   |  8 Pagesthat he produces. Therefore, capitalism can gain the domination over the production as well as the workers and trigger alienation. In Marx’s vision, there are four aspects in his theory of alienation. According to his writing, Economic amp; Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, alienation means that workers are alienated from the process of production, the products they produced, species being and other workers. a) In the first aspect, alienation of workers and process of production, workers areRead MoreAccording to Marx, How Does Capitalism Alienate Workers? How Did Marx Feel That Workers Could Overcome Their Alienation?1918 Words   |  8 Pagesthat he produces. Therefore, capitalism can gain the domination over the production as well as the workers and trigger alienation. In Marx’s vision, there are four aspects in his theory of alienation. According to his writing, Economic amp; Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, alienation means that workers are alienated from the process of production, the products they produced, species being and other workers. a) In the first aspect, alienation of workers and process of production, workers areRead MoreThe Marxist Concept Of Communism1735 Words   |  7 Pagesmore than labor, dehumanizing and devaluing himself with every product he creates. According to Marx this causes the worker to lose all individual character and become nothing more than an appendage of the machine (Marx, 18). In Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, Marx further explains the concept of alienation, describing three main types: alienation from the product of labour, alienation from the act of production, and finally alienation from one’s own humanity. Marx begins by discussingRead MoreMarx, Weber And Durkheim s Views On The Social1385 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent perspective about â€Å"the social† and how that perspective presented it through society. Marx’s view on â€Å"the social† was focused on production relations and how the classes interacted with one another through t hat type of relationship (Marx 1844). Weber’s view on â€Å"the social† was focused on meaningful relationships and he brought the aspect of religion and rank into his view (Weber 1925). Lastly Durkheim’s view on â€Å"the social† was focused on the moral relationships and how the individualRead MoreAdolf Marx : A Central Concern For The Young Karl Marx Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pagesclaimed that the Proletariats would become so great that they would overturn the Bourgeoisie hence provoking social disarray. Marx never gave a specific definition as to what alienation is, although many of his writings, including Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts, which I will refer to throughout the essay, were dedicated to the concept. Alienation in its most general sense may be considered as a distancing from something or ones own world. Marx’s theory of alienation sees human culture, civilisationRead MoreComparing Marx And Engels s The Manifesto Of The Communist Party Essay957 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat. The bourgeoisie, with roots in the Middle Ages, rose when the economic market opened up due to the discovery of America. The bourgeoisie owns the means of production. That means, they own the financial capital and material resources needed to control production. They are also the ones receiving profit created by industries. As the bourgeoisie advanced in an economic setting, they advanced politically. With more free trade agreements, they could make their power Read MoreMarx s Theory Of The Social Economy Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pagesco-authored â€Å"The Communist Manifesto† to â€Å"Capital: Critique of Political Economy†. This paper, however, will concentrate on one of his lesser known works. In 1844 Marx wrote the â€Å"Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844†, this was not published during his lifetime and first appeared in 1927,an astounding forty-four years after his death. The manuscripts themselves explore a wide range of topics, this paper will be looking at Marx’s theory of the â€Å"alienation of labour†. For Marx, the product of your labourRead MoreMarx and the Bourgeoisie Essay1908 Words   |  8 Pageswould logically lead to an increase in wages and therefore and increased standard of living. Marxs analysis is too narrow-minded and does not take into consideration capitalism as it relates to the entire country. Included in the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, Marx addr esses the issue of an increase in wages, An enforced increase of wages (disregarding all other difficulties, including the fact that it would only be by force, too, that the higher wages, being an anomaly, could be maintained)

Essay on Morse v. Frederick Civil Lawsuit Bong Hits for...

Over five years have passed since high school senior Joseph Frederick was suspended for 10 days by school principal Deborah Morse after refusing her request to take down a 14-foot banner he was displaying at a school-sanctioned event which read â€Å"BONG HiTS 4 JESUS.† Born as a seemingly trivial civil lawsuit in which Frederick sued the school for violating his First Amendment rights to free speech, the case made its way up to the U.S. Supreme Court, and the long-awaited ruling of Morse v. Frederick has finally been released. In a 5-4 split decision, the court ruled in favor of Morse and upheld the school board’s original ruling that Morse was acting within her rights and did not violate Frederick’s First Amendment rights by taking away his†¦show more content†¦Morse, now guilty in this civil suit, filed a writ of certiorari to the Supreme Court, which they granted, which has now ended with them coming to a decision by having carefully analyzed the spe cificities of the present case along with similar cases by which it was preceded. In writing the majority opinion, Chief Justice Roberts took note that the Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) ruling decided that students do not shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate. However, the Chief Justice also relied upon the precedent set forth in Bethel v. Fraser, 478 U.S. 675, 682 (1986) which explained how the constitutional rights of students at public school are not automatically, coextensive with the rights of adults. Additionally, the rights of students are applied in light of the special characteristics of the school environment, according to the U.S. Supreme Court in Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier, 484 U.S. 260, 266 (1988). The special circumstances in Morse v. Frederick were first that the school has a policy that specifically forbids advocating illegal drug use due to the risks it imposes on other students, and second that princi pal Morse was forced to decide in the moment whether or not she should act. The decision in this case seems to have left public school students’ free speech rights in an ambiguous state. The Justices in support of the majority opinion—Justices Thomas, Alito, Kennedy, and Scalia—were thusShow MoreRelatedTinker V. Des Moines Independent Community School3253 Words   |  14 PagesAbstract In 1969, a group of students filed a lawsuit against their school district claiming that their First Amendment rights were violated because the school district wrote a policy that prohibited them from wearing black armbands in a silent protest of the Vietnam War. Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) ruled that students are entitled to their First Amendment rights as long as they are not causing a disruption to the school environment. This paper outlines the

Brooklyn Bridge Essay Research Paper Brooklyn Bridge free essay sample

Brooklyn Bridge Essay, Research Paper Brooklyn Bridge The Brooklyn Bridge is a suspension span that spans the East River from Brooklyn to Manhattan Island, New York City. Suspension Bridgess are suspended from overseas telegrams that are draped between high towers and secured to onshore anchorage that counteract the pull of the overseas telegram. The Aureate Gate Bridge in San Francisco is one of the longest suspension Bridgess every bit good as one of the most good known. The Brooklyn Bridge was the first span to utilize steel for overseas telegram wire, and during its building explosives were used inside a pneumatic coffer for the first clip. The masterwork of John Augustus Roebling, the Brooklyn Bridge was built ( 1869-83 ) in the face of huge troubles. Roebling died as a consequence of an accident at the beginning, and his boy, Washington Roebling, taking over as head applied scientist, suffered a disabling onslaught of coffer disease ( the decompression sicknesss ) during the initiation of the New York wharf ( 1872 ) . Confined to his flat in Columbia Heights ( Brooklyn ) , he continued to direct operations, detecting with field spectacless and directing messages to the site by his married woman, Emily Warren Roebling. A compressed-air blast that wrecked a pneumatic coffer slowed the work, as did a terrible fire that smoldered for hebdomads in another coffer. A overseas telegram that parted from its anchorage on the Manhattan side crashed into the river, and the fraud perpetrated by a steel-wire contractor required the replacing of dozenss of overseas telegram. The building of the Brooklyn Bridge was a long procedure that was repeatedly slowed down by relentless difficulties.The Brooklyn Bridge # 8217 ; s 486-metre chief span was the longest in the universe until the completion of the Firth of Forth cantilever span in Scotland in 1890. Its deck, supported by four overseas telegrams, carries both car and prosaic traffic. A typical characteristic is the wide promenade above the roadway, which John Roebling accurately predicted # 8220 ; in a crowded commercial metropolis will be of incalculable value. # 8221 ; The four 15 3/4-inch overseas telegrams are the anchor of the span. The determination to utilize steel alternatively of standard Fe wire was a radical proposal. Steel was regarded as a fishy stuff, non yet proven over clip, as was Fe. In fact, at the clip of the building of the Brooklyn Bridge, the usage of steel in any construction in Great Britain was illegal. Washington Roebling specified a tried wire strength of 160 ksi ( twice that of Fe ) , and required that the wire be upgraded, to defy corrosion by the salt air. Unfortunately, much of the wire that was really used was non to specifications. The wire contractor had been replacing weaker ( and cheaper ) steel for the coveted crucible-cast sort. While justifiably outraged by the cozenage, Roebling had ab initio designed the overseas telegram to be six times stronger than necessary. He calculated that the condemned wire was still five times stronger than it had to be, and there was no demand to take the strands already in topographic point. The four overseas telegrams back up a dead weight ( the deck and braces ) of 13,240 kips # 8211 ; 3,410 kips per overseas telegram. Each overseas telegram has an ultimate strength of 24,600 kips, but the maximal burden on a individual overseas telegram seldom exceeds 6,000 kips. The river span is 1,595.5 pess, and the maximal droop over the river is about 130 pess. The length of each supported land span is 930 pess. ( Berkley, 37 ) The Brooklyn Bridge was the largest suspension span and the first to be constructed of steel. Engineer John A. Roebling conceived of a span crossing the East River while ice-bound on a ferry to Brooklyn. The span took 16 old ages to construct, required 600 workers and claimed over 20 lives, including Roeblings # 8217 ; s. Most died of coffer disease ( now known as the decompression sicknesss ) after coming up from the submerge d digging Chamberss. When finished, the span linked Manhattan and Brooklyn, so two separate metropoliss. ( Bergin, 67 ) When it was completed in May 1883, the Brooklyn Bridge was the largest suspension span in the universe. It is considered one of the greatest architectural achievements of the 19th century, and is, in fact, a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark. Roebling, who proposed that the construction be a suspension span, ab initio oversaw its building. But he died non long after the work began and his boy, Washington, excessively K over. Unfortunately, Washington came down with caisson disease, which disabled him and kept him off from the span. His married woman, Emily, helped him pull off the project’s completion. Construction began in 1870 when pneumatic coffers were floated out into the East River and sunk to the river’s bed. These coffers were hollow Chamberss that provided workers with a dry topographic point to work because continual air force per unit area kept the H2O out. Workers dug at the floor of the river until they reached solid land on which the arches could be built. Many workers, including Washington Roebling, got â€Å"the bends† as a consequence of go forthing the coffers and lifting to the river’s surface excessively rapidly. Following, the two arches built of New York limestone and Maine granite were erected, followed by the overseas telegrams that hold up the model of the span. After the wires were strung decently, the span floor, which is 135 pess above the r iver to let boats to go through easy underneath, was completed. The span opened on May 24, 1883. ( Bergin, 71 ) . Many prefer walking or bicycling across the Brooklyn Bridge instead than driving. John walkers and rockerss use the same paseo in the centre of the span ( although it is divided so that rockerss don # 8217 ; t run into anybody ) . The span is normally full of activity, runing from Brooklyn Heights yuppies traveling to or from work on Wall Street, to smugglers and joggers, to out-of-towners coming to the celebrated span for the position. At each of the arches the paseo widens into a big square board. Plaques on the corners of the board ( which will be on your immediate right and left as you come from either side of the span ) tell the history of the span. Note that the narrative is the same, no affair which side you come from. Plaques on the far corners of these boards, nevertheless, offer an interesting turn: as you walk toward Brooklyn ( on the board closer to Manhattan ) , you can read a short history of Brooklyn before you really enter the borough. These plaques besides point out the sights in Brooklyn seen from the span, as you would hold seen them in 1883 and as you see them now. As you go to Manhattan from Brooklyn, the 2nd set of plaques contain a brief history of topographic points like Liberty Island, Ellis Island, and Governors Island ( three topographic points that symbolize the history of New York City ) . The plaques besides indicate what buildings you are seeing as you look at Manhattan. ( Gary, N/A ) Although it is the Big Apple # 8217 ; s skyscrapers that are known for their tallness, people who are nervous in high topographic points might desire to avoid a walk across the Brooklyn Bridge. This is said because of this: while autos and trucks have a good trade of cement and steel between them and the river below, Walkers and rockerss have merely an inch and a half of wood. In face, you can see the river H2O through the thin separations between the boards or straight over the bannisters. There is truly nil to fear. It might do some people a smal l unhappy if they notice midway through their trip over the span how small bases between them and the H2O. To drive on to the Brooklyn Bridge from Manhattan, follow the marks on Broadway, Park Row or Centre Street as you approach City Hall. You can besides acquire on to the span from the FDR Drive. John walkers and rockerss should retrieve that the span begins long before it spans the H2O. Get on at the entryway near City Hall if you are in Manhattan or at the entryway following to the Federal Court if you are in Brooklyn. By metro, take either the 6 to Brooklyn Bridge-City Hall or the J to Chambers Street if you are in Manhattan. In Brooklyn, take the A to the halt at High Street or at Jay Street. The German-born Roebling designed the span. In 1869, merely before building started, his pes was crushed between an entrance ferry and the ferry faux pas. He died three hebdomads subsequently. His boy finished the span, but in 1872 he was taken from a coffer enduring from the decompressio n sicknesss and became partially paralyzed. His married woman, under his tuition ( instruction through his experience ) , so took over. Poet Walt Whitman said that the position from the paseo 5.5 m above the route was # 8220 ; the best, most effectual medical specialty my psyche has yet partaken. # 8221 ; ( Buckler, 75 ) . The building of the Brooklyn Bridge was a long procedure that was repeatedly slowed down by relentless troubles.